量子门
矩阵表示
CNOT门
[ 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 ]
Swap门
[ 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 ]
Controlled-Z门
[ 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 − 1 ]
Controlled-Phase门
[ 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 i ]
Toffoli门
[ 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 ]
Fredkin门(Controlled-Swap)
[ 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 ]