Characteristics | Conventional (n = 212) | Robotic (n = 70) | P value |
Age (years) | 60.0 ± 10.1 | 59.3 ± 7.5 | 0.521 |
Gender (male) | 101 (47.6%) | 29 (41.4%) | 0.444 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 24.9 ± 3.2 | 25.6 ± 3.2 | 0.085 |
Smoking | 76 (35.8%) | 12 (17.1%) | 0.005 |
Drinking | 57(26.9%) | 16 (22.9%) | 0.610 |
Diabetes mellitus | 43 (20.3%) | 5 (7.1%) | 0.019 |
Hypertension | 85 (40.1%) | 19 (27.1%) | 0.071 |
Cerebral infarction | 25 (11.8%) | 3 (4.3%) | 0.112 |
Peripheral vascular embolism | 33 (15.6%) | 1 (1.4%) | 0.003 |
Coronary disease | 54 (25.5%) | 6 (8.6%) | 0.005 |
Atrial fibrillation | 94 (44.3%) | 33 (47.1%) | 0.787 |
LVEF (%) | 57.6 ± 5.5 | 58.5 ± 6.5 | 0.222 |
NYHA class |
|
|
|
II | 140 (66%) | 40 (57.1%) | 0.230 |
III | 61 (28.8%) | 23 (32.9%) | 0.619 |
IV | 11 (5.2%) | 7 (10%) | 0.164 |
Mitral valve stenosis | 48 (22.6%) | 19 (27.1%) | 0.545 |
Mitral valve regurgitation | 108 (50.9%) | 37 (52.9%) | 0.889 |
Mitral stenosis with regurgitation | 56 (26.4%) | 14 (20%) | 0.359 |
Mitral valve pathology |
|
|
|
Rheumatic | 133 (62.7%) | 39 (55.7%) | 0.367 |
Degenerative | 67 (31.6%) | 24 (34.3%) | 0.788 |
Ischemic | 9 (4.2%) | 7 (10%) | 0.080 |
Infective endocarditis | 5 (2.4%) | 0 (0%) | 0.337 |