| Components | Concentration |
| Vdh | 2 μM |
| Substrate molecules | 10 mM |
| NADPH | 200 μM |
| GDH | 1 U |
| Tris·HCl, pH 7.5 | 50 mM |
| NaCl | 100 mM |
| PMβCD | 0.05%, w/v |
| Fdx | 100 μg/mL |
| Fdr | 0.1 U/mL |