| 函数 | 统计值 | ALAHA | AHA | LFD | HHO | WOA | GWO | SSA |
| F1 | 平均值 | 0.000E+00 | 1.676E−144 | 1.055E−08 | 4.727E−101 | 1.547E−85 | 2.881E−33 | 2.134E−08 |
| 标准差 | 0.000E+00 | 5.071E−144 | 6.175E−09 | 2.313E−100 | 6.132E−85 | 5.435E−33 | 6.787E−09 | |
| F2 | 平均值 | 0.000E+00 | 1.116E−76 | 9.949E−03 | 1.273E−51 | 7.080E−54 | 6.213E−20 | 1.078E+00 |
| 标准差 | 0.000E+00 | 2.640E−76 | 7.647E−03 | 6.333E−51 | 2.775E−53 | 5.630E−20 | 1.042E+00 | |
| F3 | 平均值 | 0.000E+00 | 4.691E−132 | 9.642E−05 | 2.658E−76 | 3.462E+04 | 6.380E−08 | 6.308E+02 |
| 标准差 | 0.000E+00 | 1.508E−131 | 6.503E−05 | 1.431E−75 | 1.092E+04 | 1.297E−07 | 4.931E+02 | |
| F4 | 平均值 | 0.000E+00 | 2.724E−66 | 3.349E−03 | 2.679E−52 | 4.318E+01 | 2.139E−08 | 7.435E+00 |
| 标准差 | 0.000E+00 | 1.301E−65 | 2.177E−03 | 1.056E−51 | 2.912E+01 | 1.902E−08 | 3.058E+00 | |
| F5 | 平均值 | 2.586E+01 | 2.631E+01 | 2.789E+01 | 5.684E−03 | 2.743E+01 | 2.677E+01 | 1.292E+02 |
| 标准差 | 2.222E−01 | 3.804E−01 | 1.455E−01 | 8.455E−03 | 4.267E−01 | 5.406E−01 | 2.367E+02 | |
| F6 | 平均值 | 2.071E−05 | 1.842E−02 | 3.643E−03 | 4.266E−05 | 5.759E−02 | 4.373E−01 | 1.994E−08 |
| 标准差 | 8.507E−05 | 6.180E−02 | 5.515E−03 | 5.439E−05 | 5.223E−02 | 2.944E−01 | 5.778E−09 | |
| F7 | 平均值 | 2.243E−05 | 2.017E−04 | 9.945E−03 | 7.056E−05 | 2.616E−03 | 1.231E−03 | 1.024E−01 |
| 标准差 | 2.339E−05 | 1.574E−04 | 5.725E−03 | 5.203E−05 | 2.967E−03 | 6.930E−04 | 4.000E−02 | |
| F8 | 平均值 | −1.231E+04 | −1.205E+04 | −1.045E+04 | −1.257E+04 | −1.082E+04 | −6.096E+03 | −7.563E+03 |
| 标准差 | 2.540E+02 | 2.948E+02 | 9.772E+03 | 3.953E−01 | 1.856E+03 | 7.115E+02 | 7.364E+02 | |
| F9 | 平均值 | 0.000E+00 | 0.000E+00 | 1.029E+01 | 0.000E+00 | 0.000E+00 | 2.983E+00 | 4.033E+01 |
| 标准差 | 0.000E+00 | 0.000E+00 | 2.862E+01 | 0.000E+00 | 0.000E+00 | 3.305E+00 | 1.432E+01 | |
| F10 | 平均值 | 8.882E−16 | 8.882E−16 | 1.391E−04 | 8.882E−16 | 4.086E−15 | 4.293E−14 | 2.009E+00 |
| 标准差 | 0.000E+00 | 0.000E+00 | 2.359E−05 | 0.000E+00 | 2.487E−15 | 6.090E−15 | 6.367E−01 | |
| F11 | 平均值 | 0.000E+00 | 0.000E+00 | 7.691E−09 | 0.000E+00 | 5.497E−03 | 3.941E−03 | 9.844E−03 |
| 标准差 | 0.000E+00 | 0.000E+00 | 2.914E−08 | 0.000E+00 | 2.960E−02 | 9.510E−03 | 1.380E−02 | |
| F12 | 平均值 | 1.346E−06 | 3.074E−05 | 1.745E−03 | 2.807E−06 | 8.842E−03 | 2.851E−02 | 4.994E+00 |
| 标准差 | 2.037E−06 | 1.756E−05 | 8.779E−04 | 3.983E−06 | 1.305E−02 | 1.535E−02 | 2.351E+00 | |
| F13 | 平均值 | 5.547E−04 | 1.486E+00 | 8.747E−01 | 6.172E−05 | 2.085E−01 | 4.158E−01 | 2.621E+00 |
| 标准差 | 2.477E−03 | 6.960E−01 | 1.234E+00 | 8.866E−05 | 1.858E−01 | 1.942E−01 | 6.512E+00 | |
| F14 | 平均值 | 9.980E−01 | 9.980E−01 | 1.097E+00 | 1.230E+00 | 2.857E+00 | 3.521E+00 | 1.097E+00 |
| 标准差 | 0.000E+00 | 0.000E+00 | 3.928E−01 | 5.546E−01 | 3.587E+00 | 3.158E+00 | 2.982E−01 | |
| F15 | 平均值 | 3.075E−04 | 3.075E−04 | 9.483E−04 | 3.376E−04 | 7.158E−04 | 3.721E−03 | 1.520E−03 |
| 标准差 | 2.302E−12 | 1.735E−11 | 3.810E−04 | 2.277E−05 | 4.483E−04 | 7.446E−03 | 3.511E−03 | |
| F16 | 平均值 | −1.032E+00 | −1.032E+00 | −1.032E+00 | −1.032E+00 | −1.032E+00 | −1.032E+00 | −1.032E+00 |
| 标准差 | 5.889E−16 | 6.148E−16 | 3.283E−10 | 6.069E−11 | 3.411E−10 | 1.157E−08 | 1.377E−14 | |
| F17 | 平均值 | 3.979E−01 | 3.979E−01 | 3.979E−01 | 3.979E−01 | 3.979E−01 | 3.979E−01 | 3.979E−01 |
| 标准差 | 0.000E+00 | 0.000E+00 | 4.206E−09 | 3.935E−06 | 1.300E−06 | 1.221E−05 | 1.163E−14 | |
| F18 | 平均值 | 3.000E+00 | 3.000E+00 | 3.026E+00 | 3.000E+00 | 3.000E+00 | 3.000E+00 | 3.000E+00 |
| 标准差 | 1.112E−15 | 1.253E−15 | 2.206E−02 | 2.007E−08 | 1.120E−05 | 1.137E−05 | 1.889E−13 | |
| F19 | 平均值 | −3.863E+00 | −3.863E+00 | −3.861E+00 | −3.861E+00 | −3.860E+00 | −3.861E+00 | −3.863E+00 |
| 标准差 | 1.665E−15 | 2.651E−15 | 1.337E−03 | 2.247E−03 | 4.456E−03 | 2.650E−03 | 1.160E−13 | |
| F20 | 平均值 | −3.318E+00 | −3.314E+00 | −3.208E+00 | −3.169E+00 | −3.255E+00 | −3.272E+00 | −3.231E+00 |
| 标准差 | 2.134E−02 | 2.966E−02 | 9.047E−02 | 8.207E−02 | 1.061E−01 | 6.876E−02 | 5.519E−02 | |
| F21 | 平均值 | −1.015E+01 | −1.015E+01 | −8.634E+00 | −5.559E+00 | −8.448E+00 | −8.970E+00 | −7.063E+00 |
| 标准差 | 6.339E−15 | 6.188E−15 | 2.578E+00 | 1.515E+00 | 2.405E+00 | 2.142E+00 | 3.396E+00 | |
| F22 | 平均值 | −1.040E+01 | −1.040E+01 | −7.543E+00 | −5.435E+00 | −8.788E+00 | −1.022E+01 | −8.856E+00 |
| 标准差 | 7.252E−16 | 4.558E−07 | 3.116E+00 | 1.304E+00 | 2.592E+00 | 9.539E−01 | 2.860E+00 | |
| F23 | 平均值 | −1.054E+01 | −1.054E+01 | −8.035E+00 | −5.306E+00 | −8.634E+00 | −1.026E+01 | −9.766E+00 |
| 标准差 | 1.123E−15 | 1.319E−14 | 3.122E+00 | 9.657E−01 | 2.969E+00 | 1.456E+00 | 2.313E+00 |