province

2011

2014

2017

2020

ξ M

ξ D

ξ M

ξ D

ξ M

ξ D

ξ M

ξ D

Beijing

0.765

0.830

0.633

0.890

0.510

0.614

0.461

0.522

Tianjin

0.884

0.661

0.911

0.632

0.928

0.638

0.963

0.622

Hebei

0.873

0.637

0.804

0.613

0.826

0.595

0.863

0.679

Shanxi

0.974

0.680

0.989

0.647

0.965

0.668

0.896

0.710

Neimenggu

0.933

0.694

0.897

0.670

0.973

0.648

0.930

0.684

Liaoning

0.868

0.614

0.904

0.595

0.918

0.663

0.997

0.587

Jilin

0.920

0.680

0.904

0.659

0.913

0.647

0.987

0.623

Heilongjiang

0.960

0.672

0.965

0.656

0.997

0.633

0.921

0.693

Shanghai

0.930

0.614

1.000

0.590

0.898

0.650

0.891

0.649

Jiangsu

0.648

0.595

0.604

0.613

0.611

0.636

0.947

0.627

Zhejiang

0.702

0.602

0.714

0.593

0.721

0.603

0.977

0.606

Anhui

0.842

0.649

0.772

0.624

0.768

0.601

0.913

0.585

Fujian

0.881

0.636

0.869

0.612

0.892

0.592

0.986

0.583

Jiangxi

0.893

0.672

0.849

0.648

0.822

0.615

0.975

0.591

Shandong

0.684

0.597

0.648

0.597

0.654

0.607

0.962

0.592

Henan

0.813

0.622

0.747

0.604

0.775

0.592

0.990

0.580

Hubei

0.899

0.631

0.826

0.608

0.843

0.595

0.972

0.582

Hunan

0.874

0.645

0.844

0.620

0.844

0.600

0.933

0.623

Guangdong

0.737

0.591

0.766

0.603

0.632

0.650

0.906

0.716

Guangxi

0.928

0.692

0.911

0.663

0.938

0.631

0.888

0.679

Hainan

0.918

0.741

0.945

0.702

0.955

0.691

0.981

0.668

Chongqing

0.931

0.685

0.920

0.654

0.912

0.623

0.953

0.632

Sichuan

0.920

0.627

0.954

0.602

0.947

0.614

0.757

0.798

Guizhou

0.948

0.729

0.962

0.690

0.978

0.651

0.847

0.770

Yunnan

0.959

0.703

0.982

0.666

0.985

0.649

0.809

0.798

Shaanxi

0.984

0.656

0.980

0.630

0.985

0.622

0.856

0.725

Gansu

0.945

0.722

0.956

0.695

0.990

0.661

0.927

0.706

Qinghai

0.923

0.737

0.933

0.719

0.942

0.704

0.967

0.681

Ningxia

0.931

0.739

0.950

0.705

0.958

0.688

0.975

0.674

Xinjiang

0.945

0.723

0.959

0.691

0.984

0.661

0.897

0.730