变量

直接效应

间接效应

总效应

lnINNO

0.0838^*** (5.77)

−0.155^*** (−5.77)

−0.0712^** (−2.74)

lnEMP

0.130^** (2.93)

0.0397 (0.66)

0.170^*** (3.43)

lnHC

−0.556^*** (−12.28)

0.203^** (2.88)

−0.354^*** (−5.13)

lnROAD

0.117^** (3.09)

−0.508^*** (−8.90)

−0.391^*** (−8.75)

lnOPEN

0.0968^*** (3.62)

0.210^*** (5.19)

0.306^*** (8.88)

lnCL

0.423^*** (5.91)

−0.131 (−1.17)

0.292^** (2.86)