变量

直接效应

间接效应

总效应

lnINNO

0.0558^** (2.95)

0.0210 (0.50)

0.0767^* (2.00)

lnEMP

0.141^** (2.77)

0.299^* (2.52)

0.440^*** (3.70)

lnHC

−0.725^*** (−12.58)

0.617^*** (4.76)

−0.109 (−0.82)

lnROAD

0.0987^** (2.59)

−0.405^*** (−4.35)

−0.307^*** (−3.49)

lnOPEN

0.177^*** (5.62)

−0.137^* (−2.15)

0.0405 (0.67)

lnCL

0.536^*** (6.62)

−0.332 (−1.69)

0.205 (0.94)