分组 |
| 纳入效应数 | I2值 | P值 | Hedges’g值 | 95%CI |
学段(年龄) | 12岁以上 | 15 | 84% | P < 0.01 | 0.70 | [0.42, 0.97] |
12岁及以下 | 12 | 88% | P < 0.01 | 1.00 | [0.52, 1.48] | |
实验组顺序 | 先虚后实 | 6 | 93% | P < 0.01 | 1.33 | [0.50, 2.15] |
先实后虚 | 2 | 0% | P = 0.63 | 0.48 | [0.20, 0.75] | |
虚实同时 | 12 | 85% | P < 0.01 | 0.92 | [0.54, 1.30] | |
控制组方式 | 单独虚拟实验 | 17 | 86% | P < 0.01 | 0.84 | [0.55, 1.14] |
单独真实实验 | 10 | 86% | P < 0.01 | 0.72 | [0.28, 1.16] | |
设备类型 | 2D | 8 | 54% | P = 0.03 | 0.47 | [0.13, 0.81] |
3D | 19 | 89% | P < 0.01 | 0.93 | [0.63, 1.23] | |
干预总时长 | 10小时以下 | 14 | 91% | P < 0.01 | 1.19 | [0.76, 1.62] |
10小时及以上 | 7 | 65% | P < 0.01 | 0.35 | [0.10, 0.60] | |
干预持续时间 | 3周以下 | 10 | 0% | P = 0.47 | 0.47 | [0.32, 0.61] |
3周及以上 | 11 | 88% | P < 0.01 | 0.85 | [0.45, 1.25] | |
知识领域 | 电路 | 21 | 88% | P < 0.01 | 0.97 | [0.65, 1.29] |
其他 | 6 | 45% | P = 0.10 | 0.38 | [0.17, 0.59] |