大一

(N = 55)

大二

(N = 102)

大三

(N = 66)

大四

(N = 116)

项目

M ± SD

M ± SD

M ± SD

M ± SD

F

抵御诱惑

2.932 ± 0.746

2.868 ± 0.671

2.735 ± 0.641

2.873 ± 0.605

1.029

健康习惯

3.224 ± 1.252

3.405 ± 0.955

3.187 ± 1.051

3.032 ± 0.981

2.368

节制娱乐

3.224 ± 1.260

3.686 ± 0.920

3.444 ± 0.989

3.195 ± 1.022

4.731^**

冲动控制

3.215 ± 1.074

3.552 ± 0.896

3.424 ± 1.036

3.434 ± 0.879

1.721

专注工作

3.115 ± 0.296

3.209 ± 0.640

3.066 ± 0.714

2.954 ± 0.646

2.817^*

完成学期论文

2.552 ± 1.157

2.726 ± 0.956

2.803 ± 1.184

2.963 ± 1.031

2.070

复习备考

2.812 ± 1.217

2.735 ± 1.029

2.884 ± 1.101

2.934 ± 1.124

0.626

完成每周作业

2.842 ± 1.230

2.562 ± 0.962

2.727 ± 1.146

2.865 ± 1.021

1.651

参与任务

2.782 ± 1.354

2.294 ± 0.903

2.580 ± 1.063

2.491 ± 1.030

2.705^*

学业管理任务

2.776 ± 1.291

2.366 ± 0.968

2.434 ± 1.072

2.535 ± 0.911

2.025

平时在校行为

2.812 ± 1.156

2.471 ± 0.978

2.586 ± 1.006

2.842 ± 0.907

3.073^*