(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

manu

manu

manu

manu

manu

im

0.4250^***

0.3513^***

0.3631^***

0.3013^***

0.3223^***

(0.1035)

(0.0842)

(0.0854)

(0.0834)

(0.0803)

fdi

0.0397^***

0.0410^***

0.0341^***

0.0066

(0.0043)

(0.0046)

(0.0048)

(0.0087)

urb

−0.0141

0.0139

0.0018

(0.0162)

(0.0172)

(0.0171)

edu

−1.1358^***

−0.8140^***

(0.2964)

(0.2975)

trade

0.6893^***

(0.1843)

时间

no

no

no

no

no

地区

no

no

no

no

no

Cons

0.1876^***

−0.1776^***

−0.1067

0.0112

0.2361^**

(0.0139)

(0.0414)

(0.0917)

(0.0913)

(0.1099)

样本数

160

160

160

160

160

R²

0.0964

0.4116

0.4145

0.4651

0.5097