Step

Model

R²

MAPE

RMSE

1

SF-LSTM

0.9064

4.5561%

71.0510

LSTM

0.9265

3.7694%

63.9521

CNN-LSTM

0.9502

3.1117%

51.8470

CNN-LSTM-ARIMA

0.9977

0.6360%

11.1814

SF-BiLSTM

0.9502

3.0623%

51.7984

BiLSTM

0.9672

2.7084%

42.0879

CNN-BiLSTM

0.9805

2.0190%

32.4723

CNN-BiLSTM-ARIMA

0.9977

0.6455%

11.1724

3

SF-LSTM

0.8897

4.2293%

77.1414

LSTM

0.9130

4.2319%

68.5003

CNN-LSTM

0.9267

3.6352%

62.8748

CNN-LSTM-ARIMA

0.9903

1.4751%

22.8542

SF-BiLSTM

0.8912

4.1702%

76.6049

BiLSTM

0.9222

3.8848%

64.7892

CNN-BiLSTM

0.9453

3.2697%

54.3385

CNN-BiLSTM-ARIMA

0.9974

0.6945%

11.9108

5

SF-LSTM

0.8799

4.5823%

80.4756

LSTM

0.8953

4.6011%

75.1302

CNN-LSTM

0.9084

4.1685%

70.2918

CNN-LSTM-ARIMA

0.9976

0.6426%

11.4602

SF-BiLSTM

0.8863

4.4469%

78.3038

BiLSTM

0.9010

4.5295%

73.0771

CNN-BiLSTM

0.9143

3.9993%

67.9995

CNN-BiLSTM-ARIMA

0.9976

0.6664%

11.4461

7

SF-LSTM

0.8131

5.5837%

100.3833

LSTM

0.8162

5.7603%

99.5646

CNN-LSTM

0.8574

5.4005%

87.693

CNN-LSTM-ARIMA

0.9970

0.6944%

12.7607

SF-BiLSTM

0.8356

5.3170%

94.1685

BiLSTM

0.8524

5.2054%

89.2128

CNN-BiLSTM

0.8765

4.9580%

81.6192

CNN-BiLSTM-ARIMA

0.9972

0.6563%

12.2964