类型

定义

举例

重塑

(recast)

教师不直接改正错误,直接将正确形式表达出来

S: Every day he goes /gəus/ to work at 8 a.m.

T: goes /gəuz/ to work.

重复

(repetition)

教师通过重复错误来引起学生关注

S: Every day he goes /gəus/ to work at 8 a.m.

T: goes /gəus/ to work?

澄清请求

(clarification request)

教师通过要求学生澄清或重复信息来提醒错误

S: Every day he goes /gəus/ to work at 8 a.m.

T: Excuse me? I don’t understand.

启发

(elicitation)

教师通过提问或说出前半部分信息来引出正确答案

S: Every day he goes /gəus/ to work at 8 a.m.

T: How do we say that in English? He go …?

元语言线索

(metalinguistic clues)

教师通过提问给出规律线索不提供正确答案使学生改正错误

S: Every day he goes /gəus/ to work at 8 a.m.

T: How do you pronounce the plural form of a word when it ends with /əu/?

明确纠正

(explicit correction)

教师明确指出错误,并给出正确答案

S: Every day he goes /gəus/ to work at 8 a.m.

T: No, you should say goes /gəuz/.