变量/模型 | (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) |
缩尾 | 子样本 | 滞后一期 | 滞后两期 | 增加控制变量 | 工具变量 | |
system | 0.031** | 0.027* |
|
| 0.037** | 0.017* |
(0.014) | (0.014) |
|
| (0.018) | (0.010) | |
L.system |
|
| 0.031** |
|
|
|
|
| (0.013) |
|
|
| |
L2.system |
|
|
| 0.024** |
|
|
|
|
| (0.012) |
|
| |
urban | −0.057 | −0.036 | −0.056 | −0.056 | −0.008 | 0.044*** |
(0.042) | (0.037) | (0.042) | (0.042) | (0.058) | (0.003) | |
gov | 0.023*** | 0.020*** | 0.023*** | 0.023*** | 0.028*** | 0.024 |
(0.005) | (0.004) | (0.005) | (0.005) | (0.007) | (0.020) | |
human | 0.000 | −0.231 | 0.000 | 0.000 | −0.089 | 0.011*** |
(0.000) | (0.381) | (0.000) | (0.000) | (0.644) | (0.001) | |
mar | 0.015** | 0.010 | 0.015** | 0.015** | 0.020** | 0.039*** |
(0.006) | (0.006) | (0.006) | (0.006) | (0.008) | (0.002) | |
econo | 0.042*** | 0.042*** | 0.042*** | 0.042*** | 0.045* | 0.039*** |
(0.016) | (0.015) | (0.016) | (0.016) | (0.024) | (0.013) | |
elcinf | 0.039*** | 0.040*** | 0.039*** | 0.039*** | 0.059** | 0.017 |
(0.012) | (0.012) | (0.012) | (0.012) | (0.026) | (0.703) | |
infra | 0.043*** | 0.042*** | 0.044*** | 0.044*** | 0.049*** | 0.025*** |
(0.007) | (0.007) | (0.007) | (0.007) | (0.009) | (0.004) | |
geo |
|
|
|
| 0.019*** | 0.002*** |
|
|
|
| (0.044) | (0.000) | |
diver |
|
|
|
| −0.086*** | 0.001 |
|
|
|
| (0.015) | (0.001) | |
年份固定效应 | 控制 | 控制 | 控制 | 控制 | 控制 | 控制 |
城市固定效应 | 控制 | 控制 | 控制 | 控制 | 控制 | 控制 |
常数项 | −0.030*** | −0.029*** | −0.030*** | −0.029*** | −0.040*** | K-P LM-stat: 20.31 |
(0.008) | (0.008) | (0.008) | (0.008) | (0.012) | K-P F-stat: 20.29 | |
样本量 | 3322 | 3227 | 3322 | 3322 | 2761 | 2938 |
R2 | 0.405 | 0.421 | 0.405 | 0.405 | 0.271 | 0.581 |
F | 100.005 | 136.114 | 100.470 | 98.902 | 55.662 | 447.419 |