(1)

(2)

(3)

lnpatent2

lnpatent

lnpatent

Fin

−0.547***

−0.786***

(−5.58)

(−6.56)

L.fin

−0.371***

(−2.58)

ROA

0.037

−0.148

0.590***

(0.31)

(−0.97)

(4.08)

Growth

0.068***

−0.027

0.063***

(3.98)

(−1.25)

(2.98)

Board

0.750***

0.606***

0.842***

(13.56)

(6.38)

(12.70)

Share

0.095

−0.125

0.069

(1.49)

(−0.83)

(0.93)

OGR

−0.116***

0.090***

−0.147***

(−9.82)

(3.20)

(−7.90)

_cons

−1.896***

−0.997***

−1.175***

(−11.24)

(−2.69)

(−5.64)

N

18096

13780

16796

r2

0.123

0.156

0.154

Ind

Yes

Yes

Yes

Year

Yes

Yes

Yes