变量

(1)

Main

(2)

Wx

(3)

直接效应

(4)

间接效应

(5)

总效应

dif

0.033^**

(2.19)

0.118^***

(3.39)

0.039^**

(2.57)

0.160^***

(3.98)

0.200^***

(5.25)

gov

−0.010^*

(−1.66)

−0.020

(−1.09)

−0.011^*

(−1.86)

−0.028

(−1.13)

−0.038

(−1.44)

is

0.078^***

(4.62)

0.036

(0.88)

0.082^***

(4.91)

0.069

(1.28)

0.151^**

(2.50)

gdp

0.058^***

(2.93)

0.120^*

(1.86)

0.065^***

(3.12)

0.172^**

(2.24)

0.236^***

(2.86)

open

0.031^***

(3.83)

−0.027

(−1.38)

0.030^***

(3.72)

−0.024

(−0.93)

0.006

(0.22)

时间效应

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

地区效应

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

Yes

rho

0.234^**

(2.27)

0.234^**

(2.27)

0.234^**

(2.27)

0.234^**

(2.27)

0.234^**

(2.27)

N

330

330

330

330

330

R²

0.660

0.660

0.660

0.660

0.660