VARIABLES | (1) | (2) | (3) |
rd | rd | rd | |
ff | 0.0089*** | 0.0279*** | 0.0079*** |
| (0.0022) | (0.0076) | (0.0018) |
lev | −0.0027 | −0.0845*** | −0.0011 |
| (0.0024) | (0.0084) | (0.0028) |
growth | 0.0005 | 0.0067*** | −0.0010*** |
| (0.0005) | (0.0012) | (0.0003) |
roa | 0.0248*** | −0.0840*** | −0.0105*** |
| (0.0048) | (0.0145) | (0.0028) |
board | 0.0001 | 0.0003 | 0.0003 |
| (0.0002) | (0.0004) | (0.0002) |
dir | 0.0077 | 0.0541*** | 0.0103** |
| (0.0050) | (0.0135) | (0.0050) |
top5 | −0.0046*** | −0.0293*** | −0.0066 |
| (0.0017) | (0.0044) | (0.0052) |
nature | 0.0000 | 0.0059*** | −0.0005 |
| (0.0006) | (0.0015) | (0.0014) |
Ind | Yes | Yes | No |
Year | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Firm | No | No | Yes |
Constant | 0.0006 | 0.0230** | 0.0158*** |
| (0.0035) | (0.0114) | (0.0046) |
Observations | 4595 | 5816 | 5826 |
R-squared | 0.351 | 0.360 | 0.106 |