| Gene | Forward (5'‑3') | Reverse (5'‑3') |
| PDC-E2 | CGGAACTCCACGAGTGACC | CCCCGCCATACCCTGTAGT |
| PGC-1α | TCTGAGTCTGTATGGAGTGACAT | CCAAGTCGTTCACATCTAGTTCA |
| PGC-1α | TCTGAGTCTGTATGGAGTGACAT | CCAAGTCGTTCACATCTAGTTCA |
| COX-1 | ACTAACAGACCGCAACCTCAACA | CCGAAGCCTGGTAGGATA |
| TFAM | GACAGAGGTGGCTCAACAGC | CCTTGCGGGGGAGGAATAAG |
| Nrf-1 | AGGAACACGGAGTGACCCAA | TATGCTCGGTGTAAGTAG |
| Nrf-2 | TCAGCGACGGAAAGAGTATGA | CCACTGGTTTCTGACTGGATGT |