| 
 | (1) GIE | 
| DE | −3.058*** | 
| 
 | (0.765) | 
| DE2 | 4.572* | 
| 
 | (2.307) | 
| DE × RD | −133.085* | 
| 
 | (64.517) | 
| DE2 × RD | 241.198** | 
| 
 | (104.339) | 
| RD | −15.110* | 
| 
 | (7.037) | 
| IS | 0.044 | 
| 
 | (0.117) | 
| G | −0.047 | 
| 
 | (0.199) | 
| FDI | 3.901*** | 
| 
 | (0.850) | 
| MAR | 0.021 | 
| 
 | (0.017) | 
| _cons | 1.276 | 
| 
 | (2.220) | 
| N | 300.000 | 
| r2 | 0.794 | 
| id | Yes | 
| year | Yes |