Aquatic plants

Pollutants

Temperature (˚C)

Fermentation period (d)

Biogas yields

CH4 contents

Reference

栅藻

Scenedesmus spp. + Chlorella spp.

Al

50 ± 1

30

7.9 ft3/LBS VS

61.9%

[32]

满江红

Azolla pinnata R.Br

Fe, Cu, Cd, Ni, Pb, Zn, Mn, Co

37

36~42

132~189 L/kg

45%~83%

[33]

浮萍

Lemna minor L.

Fe, Cu, Cd, Ni, Pb, Zn, Mn, Co

37

36~42

132~176 L/kg

43%~85%

[33]

浮萍

Lemnaceae (mixed with poultry manure)

Fe

32 ± 2

50~80

0.281 L/g VS

65%~80%

[34]

浮萍

Lemnaceae (mixed with poultry manure)

Fe

32 ± 2

8.3~16.6

22.76 L/d

NR

[34]

凤眼莲

Eichhornia

crassipes

Lignin and metal-rich pulp and paper mill and highly acidic distillery effluents

35 ± 1

21

19.95~23.65 L/kg dw

NR

[36]

苦草

Vallisneria spiralis

Lignin and metal-rich pulp and paper mill and highly acidic distillery effluents

35 ± 1

21

24.25~29.90 L/kg dw

NR

[36]

凤眼莲

Eichhornia crassipes

Toxic metal (Cu and Cr) rich brass and electroplating industry effluent

35 ± 1

20

11.10~27.80 L/kg dw

29.80%~63.82%

[35]

菱角

Trapa bispinnosa

Toxic metal (Cu and Cr) rich brass and electroplating industry effluent

35 ± 1

20

10.45~20.90 L/kg dw

27.00%~57.04%

[35]

海草

Seaweed

Cd, Cu, Ni, Zn

37

30

NR

0.09~0.12 N L CH4/g VSa (44.4%~49.7%)

[45]

海草

Seaweed

Cd, Cu, Ni, Zn

37 ± 1

8.8~0.5

0.22~3.04 N L CH4/L·d

0.16~0.23 N L CH4/g CODa (62.9%~73.7%)

[45]