变量

包含趋势项

LLC检验

ADF-F检验

Y

(−5.9041, 0)

(91.3100, 0.0289)

X

(−4,5818, 0)

(45.9888, 0.0091)

Z1

(−5.7478, 0)

(84.5170, 0)

Z2

(−2.6279, 0.0043)

(35.8366, 0.0947)

ΔZ2

(−4.0922, 0)

(46.5361, 0)

Z3

(−3.2073, 0.0073)

(39.6356, 0.0813)

ΔZ3

(−6.9127, 0)

(73.3917, 0.0300)

Z4

(−5.2176, 0.0035)

(53.8366, 0.0537)

ΔZ4

(−7.0232, 0)

(81.3517, 0)

X × Z1

(−4,5818, 0)

(45.9888, 0.0091)

X × Z2

(−5.9127, 0.0315)

(57.0031, 0.0166)

X × Z3

(−2.1364, 0.0317)

(28.0783, 0.1714)

ΔX × Z3

(−4,1778, 0.0039)

(48.1090, 0.0297)

X × Z4

(−5.0836, 0.0091)

(51.3679, 0.0516)

ΔX × Z4

(−7,8513, 0)

(95.0917, 0.0138)