变量 | 直接效应 | t-stat | 间接效应 | t-stat | 总效应 | t-stat |
EC | 0.441*** | 18.128 | 0.240*** | 7.359 | 0.681*** | 15.878 |
PGDP | 0.406*** | 13.725 | 0.222*** | 6.340 | 0.628*** | 11.434 |
POP | −0.159** | −7.020 | −0.087*** | −4.990 | −0.246*** | −6.647 |
ER | 0.048*** | 4.054 | 0.026*** | 3.632 | 0.074*** | 4.036 |
URB | −0.001 | −0.001 | −0.001 | −0.021 | −0.002 | −0.008 |
RD | −0.077*** | −2.880 | −0.042** | −2.591 | −0.119*** | −2.821 |